Steam-engine



Nono-del.)

W. A. HA'GHN 8v S. BUFKIN.

STEAM ENGINE.

Patented Feb. 9, 1.897;l l

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

IVESLEY A. HAUGHN AND SAM BUFKIN, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 576,576, dated February 9, 1897.

Application filed May 11, 1896. Serial No. 591,126. (No model To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that we, WESLEY A. HAUGHN and SAM BUEKIN, citizens of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines.; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in steam-engines; and it consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, and deiinitely pointed out in the claims.

The invention relates more particularly to means for controlling the passage of steam in the cylinder for actuating the piston and it consists of a cylinder and a sliding shell within the cylinder which surrounds the piston and controls the entrance and exit of steam. It is the purpose to provide a device which saves the Waste steam commonly known as clearance,7 and also allows the water of condensation to readily pass out of the cylinder, and at the same time provides a perfect balance for the shell, thereby dispensing` with much of the friction of an ordinary slide-valve.

Itis, furthermore, the object to provide a device which can be readily secured in place, cheaply manufactured, and easily operated.

These and other objects not hereinbefore mentioned are accomplished bythe construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, Wherein like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both views, and in Which- Figure l is a vertical central longitudinal section through a cylinder, and Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same.

In the drawings the cylinder consists of the shell A and cylinder-heads B, which are secured to the shell by means of the bolts O, as shown in Fig. 2. These parts form a cylinder which can be readily secured to a boiler or bracket in any Well-known manner. D designates the inlet-port. E designates the inner shell, which is adapted to slide Within the cylinder, as hereinafter described, and F designates the piston, which is surrounded by the shell. The piston F is provided with the piston-rod F', secured to the piston by the nut F and the usual packing F". The piston-rod passes through the ordinary packing G, which is secured in place by the head Gr and bolts G.

The cylinder-heads B are provided with annular passages H, which connect with the horizontal passage II", which leads to the eX- haust-port D'. The passage-Way II is secured to the bottom of the cylinder, and the outlet-port is directly under the inlet-port.

The inner shell E is made longer than the outer shell A and has its opposite ends eX- tending into the passage-ways H in the cylinder-heads. The ends are provided with holes or ports E', which control the ingress and egress of steam to the piston, as hereinafter described. The interior of the heads B are provided with the cut-away portions E, which form ports or passages which register With the holes E in either end of the shell, according to the position of the shell. When the holes E in one end of the shell register with the ports E, thereby forming a passage-Way from the interior of the shell to the passages H in the cylinder-head, the holes in the opposite end of the shell will form a passage-Way from the exterior of theshell to the interior on the opposite side of the piston.

The shell E is moved in the opposite direction to the piston in any well-known manner by means of the rod I, secured to the ears I on the shell. The rod passes through the usual rod-packing I", secured in place by the head K and bolts K'. As shown in the drawings, the shell has been moved to the right and the piston to the left, both the shell and piston having reached the limit of their movement. Steam entering through the inlet-port D will surround the inner shell and pass through the holes E in the left-hand end of the shell and move the piston to the right, and at the same time the steam Within the shell on the opposite side of the cylinder will exhaust through the ports E" and holes E in the opposite end of the shell and through the passages I-I and H to the exhaust-port D. It will be seen that a steam-chamber will be formed entirely around the inner shell and that the pressure against the shell will be IOO equally balanced, and therefore the only friction will be that caused by the weight of the shell in its bearings, and that the shell will slide as easily as if Athe steam was cut oft. The weight of the shell is but slight, and by equalizing the pressure of the steam on all sides the shell can be slid with but little power. The upper portion of the steamchamber is made a little larger to provide room for the rod I. This enlarged portion maybe located on the side or bottom, if desired, the location not being important.

le do not desire to limit ourselves to any numb c1' of holes. These holes extend entirely around the shell, so that any water of condensation within the shell can readily drip out through the lower holes. It will further be noticed in this device that we save the waste steam or clearance, the only clearance bein g the steam which is taken to fill the holes E, and as these holes are less than an inch in diameter it will readily be seen that the clearance is reduced to practically nothing.

The steam left within the shell between the end of the cylinder and the piston upon the return stroke of the piston will not be wasted, but com pressed and reused with the next stroke thereof.

Ve are aware that many minor changes can be made in the construction and arrangement of parts without in the least departing from the nature and principles of our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination with a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust port, of a pistou, and a sliding shell surrounding the piston and within which the piston works, the shell and cyl- Vinder forming a steam-chamber around the shell, the chamber communicating with the inlet-port of the shell, and the shell provided with a hole at its opposite ends, the hole acting as a passageway for the inlet and exit for the steam to and from the interior of the shell, and the hole at each end communicating alternately with the steam-chamber and exhaust-port of the cylinder, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust port, of a piston, and a sliding shell entirelySurrounding the piston, and within which the piston works, the shell and cylinderforinin g a steam-chamber around the shell, the chamber communicating with the inlet-port, the shell provided with holes at its opposite ends, the holes extending entirelyaround the shell, and the holes at each end communicating` alternately with thei steam-chamber and with the exhaust-port of the cylinder, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust port and a passage-way at opposite ends of the cylinder communicating with the exhaust-port, of a piston, and a sliding shell surrounding the piston provided with a hole at its opposite ends, the holes acting as a passage-way for the inlet and exit for the steam to and from the interior of the shell, and the hole at each end communicating` alternately with the inlet-port of the cylinder and with the passage-Way at the ends of the cylinder, substantially as described.

il. The combination with a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust port, and an annular passage-way at opposite ends of the cylinder communicating with the exhaust-port, of a piston, and a sliding shell surrounding the piston provided with holes at its opposite ends, the holes extending entirely around the shell and the holes at each end communicating alternately with the inlet-port of the cylinder and with the annular passage-way at the ends of the cylinder, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a cylinder having' an inlet and exhaust port, and an annular passageway at opposite endsof the cylinder communicating with the eXhaust-port, of a piston, and a sliding shell surrounding the piston, the opposite ends oi' the shell extending within the annular passage-ways and the ends provided with holes, the holes at each end connecting alternately the interior of the shell with the annular passage at the ends of the cylinder and with the inlet-port of the cylinder, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust port, and an annular passage-way at opposite ends of the cylinder communicating with the exhaust-port, of a piston, and a sliding shell surrounding the piston provided with holes at its opposite ends, the holes at each end communicating alternately wit-l1 the inletport of the cylinder and with the passage-way at the ends of the cylinder, and ports iu the ends of the cylinder leading from the interior of the shell adapted to register with the holes at the end of the shell which are in communication with the ann ular passage-way, substantially as dcscribed.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

VESLEY A. HAUGHN. SAM BUFKIN. \Vitn esses:

FRED I-I. CRoUGHToN, EDMUND DUNN.

IIO 

